{"id":1398,"date":"2022-03-01T00:12:31","date_gmt":"2022-03-01T00:12:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/writingagame.com\/?p=1398"},"modified":"2022-03-05T21:45:24","modified_gmt":"2022-03-05T21:45:24","slug":"chapter-38-hierarchical-models","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/writingagame.com\/index.php\/2022\/03\/01\/chapter-38-hierarchical-models\/","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 38. Hierarchical models"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Now we are ready for more complex models, consisting of several elements with individual behavior. For example – car, where body will be a parent (root) element, and wheels – child elements. For both, body and wheel, we’ll need separate model descriptors and separate classes<\/strong>, which will handle their behaviors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. In Windows File Explorer<\/strong> open our root (CPP) folder, make a copy of a997modeler <\/em>and rename it (copy) to a996car<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

2. Under C:\\CPP\\a996car\\dt\\models<\/strong><\/em> add sub-folder <\/p>\n\n\n\n

C:\\CPP\\a996car\\dt\\models\\cars\\01<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

For simplicity, in this example, our models (car body and wheels) will simply be square.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Copy following code to a Text Editor<\/strong> and save it to\/as<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C:\\CPP\\a996car\\dt\\models\\cars\\01\\wheel01.txt<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n

\n\/\/wheel\n<mt_type="phong" uColor="#0000ff" \/>\n<vs="box" whl="4,20,20" \/>\n<a="front,back,right,top,bottom" \/>\n<mt_type="phong" uColor="#000000" \/> \/\/inner side\n<a="left" \/>\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
Now root model – car body plus attached wheels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. Copy following code to a Text Editor<\/strong> and save it to\/as<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C:\\CPP\\a996car\\dt\\models\\cars\\01\\root01.txt<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n
\n\/\/body\n<mt_type="phong" uColor="#ff0000" \/>\n<vs="box" whl="10,20,70" \/>\n<a="front,back,left,right,top" py=5  \/>\n\/\/wheels\n<element="wheel01.txt" class="CarWheel" pxyz="-10,0,30" ay=180 \/> \/\/front passenger\n<element="wheel01.txt" class="CarWheel" pxyz="10,0,30" \/> \/\/front driver\n<element="wheel01.txt" class="CarWheel" pxyz="-10,0,-20" ay=180 \/> \/\/rear passenger\n<element="wheel01.txt" class="CarWheel" pxyz="10,0,-20" \/> \/\/rear driver\n \n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
Now – SW part.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5. Start VS. Open C:\\CPP\\a996car<\/strong>\\p_windows\\p_windows.sln<\/strong><\/em> solution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
Hierarchical concept will require a few changes in GameSubj <\/strong>class:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6. Replace GameSubj.h<\/em> code by:<\/p>\n\n\n
\n#pragma once\n#include "Coords.h"\n#include "Material.h"\n#include <string>\n#include <vector>\n\nclass GameSubj\n{\npublic:\n\tstd::vector<GameSubj*>* pSubjsSet = NULL; \/\/which vector\/set this subj belongs to\n\tint nInSubjsSet = 0; \/\/subj's number in pSubjsSet\n\tint rootN = 0; \/\/model's root N\n\tint d2parent = 0; \/\/shift to parent object\n\tint d2headTo = 0; \/\/shift to headTo object\n\tint totalElements = 0; \/\/elements N in the model\n\tint totalNativeElements = 0; \/\/elements N in the model when initially loaded\n\tchar source[256] = "";\n\tchar className[32] = "";\n\tCoords absCoords;\n\tmat4x4 absModelMatrixUnscaled = { 1,0,0,0, 0,1,0,0, 0,0,1,0, 0,0,0,1 };\n\tmat4x4 absModelMatrix = { 1,0,0,0, 0,1,0,0, 0,0,1,0, 0,0,0,1 };\n\n\tchar name[32]="";\n\tCoords ownCoords;\n\tCoords ownSpeed;\n\tfloat scale[3] = { 1,1,1 };\n\tint djStartN = 0; \/\/first DJ N in DJs array (DrawJob::drawJobs)\n\tint djTotalN = 0; \/\/number of DJs\n\tmat4x4 ownModelMatrixUnscaled = { 1,0,0,0, 0,1,0,0, 0,0,1,0, 0,0,0,1 };\n\n\tMaterial* pAltMaterial = NULL;\npublic:\n\tvirtual GameSubj* clone() { return new GameSubj(*this); };\n\tvirtual ~GameSubj();\n\tvoid buildModelMatrix() { buildModelMatrix(this); };\n\tstatic void buildModelMatrix(GameSubj* pGS);\n\tvirtual int moveSubj() { return applySpeeds(this); };\n\tstatic int applySpeeds(GameSubj* pGS);\n};\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Please note:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
  • New virtual <\/em>function clone()<\/em>.<\/li>
  • A set of new parent\/child variables<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    7. Replace GameSubj.cpp<\/em> code by:<\/p>\n\n\n
    \n#include "GameSubj.h"\n#include "platform.h"\n#include "utils.h"\n\nGameSubj::~GameSubj() {\n    if (pAltMaterial != NULL)\n        delete pAltMaterial;\n}\nvoid GameSubj::buildModelMatrix(GameSubj* pGS) {\n    mat4x4_translate(pGS->ownModelMatrixUnscaled, pGS->ownCoords.pos[0], pGS->ownCoords.pos[1], pGS->ownCoords.pos[2]);\n    \/\/rotation order: Z-X-Y\n    mat4x4_mul(pGS->ownModelMatrixUnscaled, pGS->ownModelMatrixUnscaled, pGS->ownCoords.rotationMatrix);\n\n    if(pGS->d2parent == 0)\n        memcpy(pGS->absModelMatrixUnscaled, pGS->ownModelMatrixUnscaled, sizeof(mat4x4));\n    else {\n        GameSubj* pParent = pGS->pSubjsSet->at(pGS->nInSubjsSet - pGS->d2parent);\n        mat4x4_mul(pGS->absModelMatrixUnscaled, pParent->absModelMatrixUnscaled, pGS->ownModelMatrixUnscaled);\n    }\n    if (v3equals(pGS->scale, 1))\n        memcpy(pGS->absModelMatrix, pGS->absModelMatrixUnscaled, sizeof(mat4x4));\n    else\n        mat4x4_scale_aniso(pGS->absModelMatrix, pGS->absModelMatrixUnscaled, pGS->scale[0], pGS->scale[1], pGS->scale[2]);\n\n    \/\/update absCoords\n    if (pGS->d2parent == 0)\n        memcpy(&pGS->absCoords, &pGS->ownCoords, sizeof(Coords));\n    else {\n        Coords::getPositionFromMatrix(pGS->absCoords.pos, pGS->absModelMatrixUnscaled);\n    }\n}\nint GameSubj::applySpeeds(GameSubj* pGS) {\n    bool angleChanged = false;\n    for(int i=0;i<3;i++)\n        if (pGS->ownSpeed.eulerDg[i] != 0) {\n            angleChanged = true;\n            pGS->ownCoords.eulerDg[i] += pGS->ownSpeed.eulerDg[i];\n            if (pGS->ownCoords.eulerDg[i] > 180.0)\n                pGS->ownCoords.eulerDg[i] -= 360.0;\n            else if (pGS->ownCoords.eulerDg[i] <= -180.0)\n                pGS->ownCoords.eulerDg[i] += 360.0;\n        }\n    if(angleChanged)\n        Coords::eulerDgToMatrix(pGS->ownCoords.rotationMatrix, pGS->ownCoords.eulerDg);\n    return 1;\n}\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
    <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Please note:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    • buildModelMatrix(..)<\/em> now counts parent Coords too.<\/li>
    • applySpeeds()<\/em> is modified as well.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      Coords <\/strong>class is seriously revised (simplified).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      8. Replace Coords.h<\/em> code by:<\/p>\n\n\n
      \n#pragma once\n#include "linmath.h"\n\nclass Coords\n{\npublic:\n\tfloat pos[4] = { 0,0,0,0 }; \/\/x,y,z position + 4-th element for compatibility with 3D 4x4 matrices math\n\tfloat eulerDg[3] = { 0,0,0 }; \/\/Euler angles (pitch, yaw, roll) in degrees\n\tmat4x4 rotationMatrix = { 1,0,0,0, 0,1,0,0, 0,0,1,0, 0,0,0,1 };\npublic:\n\tstatic void getPositionFromMatrix(float* pos, mat4x4 m);\n\tstatic void eulerDgToMatrix(mat4x4 rotationMatrix, float* eulerDg);\n\tstatic void matrixToEulerDg(float* eulerDg, mat4x4 m);\n};\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      9. Replace Coords.cpp<\/em> code by:<\/p>\n\n\n
      \n#include "Coords.h"\n#include "platform.h"\n#include <string>\n\nfloat PI = 3.141592f;\nfloat degrees2radians = PI \/ 180.0f;\nfloat radians2degrees = 180.0f \/ PI;\n\nvoid Coords::getPositionFromMatrix(float* pos, mat4x4 m) {\n\t\/\/extracts position from matrix\n\tfor (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)\n\t\tpos[i] = m[i][3];\n}\nvoid Coords::eulerDgToMatrix(mat4x4 rotationMatrix, float* eulerDg) {\n\t\/\/builds rotation matrix from Euler angles (in degreed)\n\tmat4x4_identity(rotationMatrix);\n\t\/\/rotation order: Z-X-Y\n\tfloat a = eulerDg[1];\n\tif (a != 0)\n\t\tmat4x4_rotate_Y(rotationMatrix, rotationMatrix, a * degrees2radians);\n\ta = eulerDg[0];\n\tif (a != 0)\n\t\tmat4x4_rotate_X(rotationMatrix, rotationMatrix, a * degrees2radians);\n\ta = eulerDg[2];\n\tif (a != 0)\n\t\tmat4x4_rotate_Z(rotationMatrix, rotationMatrix, a * degrees2radians);\n}\nvoid Coords::matrixToEulerDg(float* eulerDg, mat4x4 m) {\n\t\/\/calculates Euler angles (in degrees) from matrix\n\tfloat yaw, pitch, roll; \/\/in redians\n\n\tif (m[1][2] > 0.998 || m[1][2] < -0.998) { \/\/ singularity at south or north pole\n\t\tyaw = atan2f(-m[2][0], m[0][0]);\n\t\troll = 0;\n\t}\n\telse {\n\t\tyaw = atan2f(-m[0][2], m[2][2]);\n\t\troll = atan2f(-m[1][0], m[1][1]);\n\t}\n\tpitch = asinf(m[1][2]);\n\n\teulerDg[0] = pitch * radians2degrees;\n\teulerDg[1] = yaw * radians2degrees;\n\teulerDg[2] = roll * radians2degrees;\n}\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      One of affected classes is Camera<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      10. Replace Camera.cpp<\/em> code by:<\/p>\n\n\n
      \n#include "Camera.h"\n#include "TheGame.h"\n#include "utils.h"\n\nextern TheGame theGame;\nextern float degrees2radians;\n\nfloat Camera::pickDistance(Camera* pCam) {\n\tfloat cotangentA = 1.0f \/ tanf(degrees2radians * pCam->viewRangeDg \/ 2);\n\tfloat cameraDistanceV = pCam->stageSize[1] \/ 2 * cotangentA;\n\tfloat cameraDistanceH = pCam->stageSize[0] \/ 2 * cotangentA \/ theGame.screenAspectRatio;\n\tpCam->focusDistance = fmax(cameraDistanceV, cameraDistanceH);\n\treturn pCam->focusDistance;\n}\nvoid Camera::setCameraPosition(Camera* pCam) {\n\tv3set(pCam->ownCoords.pos, 0, 0, -pCam->focusDistance);\n\tmat4x4_mul_vec4plus(pCam->ownCoords.pos, pCam->ownCoords.rotationMatrix, pCam->ownCoords.pos, 1);\n\tfor (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)\n\t\tpCam->ownCoords.pos[i] += pCam->lookAtPoint[i];\n}\nvoid Camera::buildLookAtMatrix(Camera* pCam) {\n\tfloat cameraUp[4] = { 0,1,0,0 }; \/\/y - up\n\tmat4x4_mul_vec4plus(cameraUp, pCam->ownCoords.rotationMatrix, cameraUp, 0);\n\tmat4x4_look_at(pCam->lookAtMatrix, pCam->ownCoords.pos, pCam->lookAtPoint, cameraUp);\n}\nvoid Camera::onScreenResize(Camera* pCam) {\n\tpickDistance(pCam);\n\tsetCameraPosition(pCam);\n\tbuildLookAtMatrix(pCam);\n}\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
      <\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      New class CarWheel <\/strong>will be part of the Project<\/strong>, not of the engine. Let’s add it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      11. Under xTheGame<\/em> filter add New Filter<\/strong>, name – car<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      12. Under xTheGame\/car<\/em> add new item – header<\/em> file CarWheel.h<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      Make sure to change location to C:\\CPP\\a996car\\car<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      Code:<\/p>\n\n\n
      \n#pragma once\n#include "GameSubj.h"\n\nclass CarWheel : public GameSubj\n{\npublic:\n\tfloat wheelDiameter = 20;\npublic:\n\tvirtual GameSubj* clone() { return new CarWheel(*this); };\n\tvirtual int moveSubj() { return moveSubj(this); };\n\tstatic int moveSubj(CarWheel* pGS);\n};\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
      <\/p>\n\n\n\n
      Please note:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      • It inherits GameSubj <\/em>class<\/li>
      • It has own implementation of virtual clone()<\/em> function, which returns new CarWheel <\/em>object<\/li>
      • and own implementation of virtual moveSubj()<\/em> function<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        13. Under xTheGame\/car<\/em> add new C++<\/em> file CarWheel.cpp<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        Location: C:\\CPP\\a996car\\car<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        Code:<\/p>\n\n\n
        \n#include "CarWheel.h"\n\nint CarWheel::moveSubj(CarWheel* pGS) {\n    float wheelRotationSpeedDg = 3;\n    if (abs(pGS->ownCoords.eulerDg[1]) > 90)\n        wheelRotationSpeedDg = -wheelRotationSpeedDg;\n    pGS->ownSpeed.eulerDg[0] = wheelRotationSpeedDg;\n    applySpeeds(pGS);\n    return 1;\n}\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
        <\/p>\n\n\n\n
        • moveSubj()<\/em> function simply rotates wheel with a constant radial speed around X axis.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          14. Replace TheGame.cpp<\/em> code by:<\/p>\n\n\n
          \n#include "TheGame.h"\n#include "platform.h"\n#include "utils.h"\n#include "linmath.h"\n#include "Texture.h"\n#include "Shader.h"\n#include "DrawJob.h"\n#include "ModelBuilder.h"\n#include "TexCoords.h"\n#include "ModelLoader.h"\n#include "car\/CarWheel.h"\n\nextern std::string filesRoot;\nextern float degrees2radians;\n\nstd::vector<GameSubj*> TheGame::gameSubjs;\n\nint TheGame::getReady() {\n    bExitGame = false;\n    Shader::loadShaders();\n    glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);\n\n    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);\n    glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);\n    glDepthMask(GL_TRUE);\n\n    int subjN = ModelLoader::loadModel(&gameSubjs, "\/dt\/models\/cars\/01\/root01.txt", "");\n    GameSubj* pGS = gameSubjs.at(subjN);\n    pGS->ownSpeed.eulerDg[1] = 1;\n\n    \/\/===== set up camera\n     v3set(mainCamera.ownCoords.eulerDg, 15, 180, 0); \/\/set camera angles\/orientation\n    Coords::eulerDgToMatrix(mainCamera.ownCoords.rotationMatrix, mainCamera.ownCoords.eulerDg);\n\n    mainCamera.viewRangeDg = 20;\n    mainCamera.stageSize[0] = 90;\n    mainCamera.stageSize[1] = 60;\n    memcpy(mainCamera.lookAtPoint, pGS->ownCoords.pos, sizeof(float) * 3);\n    mainCamera.onScreenResize();\n\n    \/\/===== set up light\n    v3set(dirToMainLight, -1, 1, 1);\n    vec3_norm(dirToMainLight, dirToMainLight);\n\n    return 1;\n}\nint TheGame::drawFrame() {\n    myPollEvents(); \n\n    \/\/glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0);\n    glDepthMask(GL_TRUE);\n    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);\n\n    mat4x4 mProjection, mViewProjection, mMVP, mMV4x4;\n    \/\/mat4x4_ortho(mProjection, -(float)screenSize[0] \/ 2, (float)screenSize[0] \/ 2, -(float)screenSize[1] \/ 2, (float)screenSize[1] \/ 2, 100.f, 500.f);\n    float nearClip = mainCamera.focusDistance - 55;\n    float farClip = mainCamera.focusDistance + 55;\n    if (nearClip < 0) nearClip = 0;\n    mat4x4_perspective(mProjection, mainCamera.viewRangeDg * degrees2radians, screenAspectRatio, nearClip, farClip);\n    mat4x4_mul(mViewProjection, mProjection, mainCamera.lookAtMatrix);\n    mViewProjection[1][3] = 0; \/\/keystone effect\n\n    \/\/scan subjects\n    int subjsN = gameSubjs.size();\n    for (int subjN = 0; subjN < subjsN; subjN++) {\n        GameSubj* pGS = gameSubjs.at(subjN);\n        \/\/behavior - apply rotation speed\n        pGS->moveSubj();\n        \/\/prepare subject for rendering\n        pGS->buildModelMatrix(pGS);\n        \/\/build MVP matrix for given subject\n        mat4x4_mul(mMVP, mViewProjection, pGS->absModelMatrix);\n        \/\/build Model-View (rotation) matrix for normals\n        mat4x4_mul(mMV4x4, mainCamera.lookAtMatrix, pGS->absModelMatrixUnscaled);\n        \/\/convert to 3x3 matrix\n        float mMV3x3[3][3];\n        for (int y = 0; y < 3; y++)\n            for (int x = 0; x < 3; x++)\n                mMV3x3[y][x] = mMV4x4[y][x];\n        \/\/subj's distance from camera\n        float cameraSpacePos[4];\n        mat4x4_mul_vec4plus(cameraSpacePos, mainCamera.lookAtMatrix, pGS->absCoords.pos, 1);\n        float zDistance = abs(cameraSpacePos[2]);\n        float cotangentA = 1.0f \/ tanf(degrees2radians * mainCamera.viewRangeDg \/ 2.0f);\n        float halfScreenVertSizeInUnits = zDistance \/ cotangentA;\n        float sizeUnitPixelsSize = (float)screenSize[1] \/ 2.0f \/ halfScreenVertSizeInUnits;\n        \/\/render subject\n        for (int i = 0; i < pGS->djTotalN; i++) {\n            DrawJob* pDJ = DrawJob::drawJobs.at(pGS->djStartN + i);\n            pDJ->execute((float*)mMVP, *mMV3x3, (float*)pGS->absModelMatrix, dirToMainLight, mainCamera.ownCoords.pos, sizeUnitPixelsSize, NULL);\n        }\n    }\n    \/\/synchronization\n    while (1) {\n        long long int currentMillis = getSystemMillis();\n        long long int millisSinceLastFrame = currentMillis - lastFrameMillis;\n        if (millisSinceLastFrame >= millisPerFrame) {\n            lastFrameMillis = currentMillis;\n            break;\n        }\n    }\n    mySwapBuffers();\n    return 1;\n}\nint TheGame::cleanUp() {\n    int itemsN = gameSubjs.size();\n    \/\/delete all UISubjs\n    for (int i = 0; i < itemsN; i++) {\n        GameSubj* pGS = gameSubjs.at(i);\n        delete pGS;\n    }\n    gameSubjs.clear();\n    \/\/clear all other classes\n    Texture::cleanUp();\n    Shader::cleanUp();\n    DrawJob::cleanUp();\n    return 1;\n}\nint TheGame::onScreenResize(int width, int height) {\n    if (screenSize[0] == width && screenSize[1] == height)\n        return 0;\n    screenSize[0] = width;\n    screenSize[1] = height;\n    screenAspectRatio = (float)width \/ height;\n    glViewport(0, 0, width, height);\n    mainCamera.onScreenResize();\n    mylog(" screen size %d x %d\\n", width, height);\n    return 1;\n}\nint TheGame::run() {\n    getReady();\n    while (!bExitGame) {\n        drawFrame();\n    }\n    cleanUp();\n    return 1;\n}\nGameSubj* TheGame::newGameSubj(std::string subjClass) {\n    GameSubj* pGS = NULL;\n    if (subjClass.compare("") == 0)\n        pGS = (new GameSubj());\n    else if (subjClass.find("Car") == 0) {\n        if (subjClass.compare("CarWheel") == 0)\n            pGS = (new CarWheel());\n    }\n    if(pGS == NULL) {\n        mylog("ERROR in TheGame::newGameSubj. %s class not found\\n", subjClass.c_str());\n        return NULL;\n    }\n    myStrcpy_s(pGS->className, 32, subjClass.c_str());\n    return pGS;\n}\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
          <\/p>\n\n\n\n
          Please note:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          • New #include: car\/CarWheel.h<\/em><\/li>
          • Function newGameSubj(..)<\/em> handles new classes <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            Now – reading\/processing element <\/em>tag:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            15. Replace ModelLoader.h<\/em> by:<\/p>\n\n\n
            \n#pragma once\n#include "XMLparser.h"\n#include "ModelBuilder.h"\n#include "GroupTransform.h"\n#include "MaterialAdjust.h"\n\nclass ModelLoader : public XMLparser\n{\npublic:\n\tModelBuilder* pModelBuilder = NULL;\n\tbool ownModelBuilder = false;\n\tstd::vector<GameSubj*>* pSubjsVector = NULL;\n\tMaterialAdjust* pMaterialAdjust = NULL;\n\tint lineStartsAt = -1;\npublic:\n\tModelLoader(std::vector<GameSubj*>* pSubjsVector0, int subjN, ModelBuilder* pMB, std::string filePath) : XMLparser(filePath) {\n\t\tpSubjsVector = pSubjsVector0;\n\t\tif (pMB != NULL) {\n\t\t\townModelBuilder = false;\n\t\t\tpModelBuilder = pMB;\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\townModelBuilder = true;\n\t\t\tpModelBuilder = new ModelBuilder();\n\t\t\tpModelBuilder->lockGroup(pModelBuilder);\n\t\t}\n\t\tpModelBuilder->useSubjN(pModelBuilder,subjN);\n\t};\n\tvirtual ~ModelLoader() {\n\t\tif (!ownModelBuilder)\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\tpModelBuilder->buildDrawJobs(pModelBuilder, pSubjsVector);\n\t\tdelete pModelBuilder;\n\t};\n\tstatic int processTag_a(ModelLoader* pML); \/\/apply\n\tstatic int setValueFromIntHashMap(int* pInt, std::map<std::string, int> intHashMap, std::string varName, std::string tagStr);\n\tstatic int setTexture(ModelLoader* pML, int* pInt, std::string txName);\n\tstatic int setMaterialTextures(ModelLoader* pML, Material* pMT);\n\tstatic int fillProps_vs(VirtualShape* pVS, std::string tagStr); \/\/virtual shape\n\tstatic int fillProps_mt(Material* pMT, std::string tagStr, ModelLoader* pML); \/\/Material\n\tstatic int fillProps_gt(GroupTransform* pGS, ModelBuilder* pMB, std::string tagStr);\n\tvirtual int processTag() { return processTag(this); };\n\tstatic int processTag(ModelLoader* pML);\n\tstatic int loadModel(std::vector<GameSubj*>* pSubjsVector0, std::string sourceFile, std::string subjClass);\n\tstatic int processTag_clone(ModelLoader* pML);\n\tstatic int addMark(char* marks, std::string newMark);\n\tstatic int processTag_do(ModelLoader* pML);\n\tstatic int processTag_a2mesh(ModelLoader* pML);\n\tstatic int processTag_element(ModelLoader* pML);\n};\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
            <\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            16. Replace ModelLoader.cpp<\/em> by:<\/p>\n\n\n
            \n#include "ModelLoader.h"\n#include "platform.h"\n#include "TheGame.h"\n#include "DrawJob.h"\n#include "Texture.h"\n#include "utils.h"\n#include "Polygon.h"\n\nextern TheGame theGame; \n\nint ModelLoader::loadModel(std::vector<GameSubj*>* pSubjsVector0, std::string sourceFile, std::string subjClass) {\n\t\/\/returns element's (Subj) number or -1\n\t\/\/first - check if already loaded\n\tint totalSubjs = pSubjsVector0->size();\n\tfor (int subjN0 = totalSubjs - 1; subjN0 >= 0; subjN0--) {\n\t\tGameSubj* pGS0 = pSubjsVector0->at(subjN0);\n\t\tif (pGS0 == NULL)\n\t\t\tcontinue;\n\t\tif (strcmp(pGS0->source, sourceFile.c_str()) != 0)\n\t\t\tcontinue;\n\t\t\/\/if here - model was already loaded - copy\n\t\tint subjN = pSubjsVector0->size();\n\t\tfor (int i = 0; i < pGS0->totalNativeElements; i++) {\n\t\t\tGameSubj* pGS = pSubjsVector0->at(subjN0 + i)->clone();\n\t\t\tpGS->nInSubjsSet = pSubjsVector0->size();\n\t\t\tpSubjsVector0->push_back(pGS);\n\t\t}\n\t\tGameSubj* pGS = pSubjsVector0->at(subjN);\n\t\tpGS->totalElements = pGS->totalNativeElements;\n\t\tpGS->d2parent = 0;\n\t\tpGS->d2headTo = 0;\n\t\t\/\/restore original 1st DrawJob\n\t\treturn subjN;\n\t}\n\t\/\/if here - model wasn't loaded before - load\n\tint subjN = pSubjsVector0->size();\n\tGameSubj* pGS = theGame.newGameSubj(subjClass);\n\tpGS->pSubjsSet = pSubjsVector0;\n\tpGS->nInSubjsSet = subjN;\n\tmyStrcpy_s(pGS->source, 256, sourceFile.c_str());\n\tpSubjsVector0->push_back(pGS);\n\tModelLoader* pML = new ModelLoader(pSubjsVector0, subjN, NULL, sourceFile);\n\tprocessSource(pML);\n\tdelete pML;\n\tpGS->totalNativeElements = pSubjsVector0->size() - subjN;\n\tpGS->totalElements = pGS->totalNativeElements;\n\treturn subjN;\n}\n\nint ModelLoader::setValueFromIntHashMap(int* pInt, std::map<std::string, int> intHashMap, std::string varName, std::string tagStr) {\n\tif (!varExists(varName, tagStr))\n\t\treturn 0;\n\tstd::string str0 = getStringValue(varName, tagStr);\n\tif (intHashMap.find(str0) == intHashMap.end()) {\n\t\tmylog("ERROR in ModelLoader::setValueFromIntMap, %s not found, %s\\n", varName.c_str(), tagStr.c_str());\n\t\treturn -1;\n\t}\n\t*pInt = intHashMap[getStringValue(varName, tagStr)];\n\treturn 1;\n}\nint ModelLoader::setTexture(ModelLoader* pML, int* pInt, std::string txName) {\n\tModelBuilder* pMB = pML->pModelBuilder;\n\tbool resetTexture = false;\n\tstd::string varName = txName + "_use";\n\tif (varExists(varName, pML->currentTag)) {\n\t\tif (setValueFromIntHashMap(pInt, pMB->texturesHashMap, varName, pML->currentTag) == 0) {\n\t\t\tmylog("ERROR in ModelLoader::setTexture: texture not in hashMap: %s\\n", pML->currentTag.c_str());\n\t\t\treturn -1;\n\t\t}\n\t\tresetTexture = true;\n\t}\n\telse{\n\t\tvarName = txName + "_src";\n\t\tif (varExists(varName, pML->currentTag)) {\n\t\t\tstd::string txFile = getStringValue(varName, pML->currentTag);\n\t\t\tvarName = txName + "_ckey";\n\t\t\tunsigned int intCkey = 0;\n\t\t\tsetUintColorValue(&intCkey, varName, pML->currentTag);\n\t\t\t*pInt = Texture::loadTexture(buildFullPath(pML, txFile), intCkey);\n\t\t\tresetTexture = true;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\tif(resetTexture)\n\t\treturn 1;\n\treturn 0; \/\/texture wasn't reset\n}\nint ModelLoader::setMaterialTextures(ModelLoader* pML, Material* pMT) {\n\tif (setTexture(pML, &pMT->uTex0, "uTex0") > 0)\n\t\tpMT->uColor.clear();\n\tsetTexture(pML, &pMT->uTex1mask, "uTex1mask");\n\tsetTexture(pML, &pMT->uTex2nm, "uTex2nm");\n\tsetTexture(pML, &pMT->uTex3, "uTex3");\n\treturn 1;\n}\nint ModelLoader::fillProps_mt(Material* pMT, std::string tagStr, ModelLoader* pML) {\n\tsetCharsValue(pMT->shaderType, 20, "mt_type", tagStr);\n\tsetMaterialTextures(pML, pMT);\n\t\/\/color\n\tif (varExists("uColor", tagStr)) {\n\t\tunsigned int uintColor = 0;\n\t\tsetUintColorValue(&uintColor, "uColor", tagStr);\n\t\tpMT->uColor.setUint32(uintColor);\n\t\tpMT->uTex0 = -1;\n\t}\n\t\/\/mylog("mt.uTex0=%d, mt.uTex1mask=%d\\n", mt.uTex0, mt.uTex1mask);\n\tif (varExists("primitiveType", tagStr)) {\n\t\tstd::string str0 = getStringValue("primitiveType", tagStr);\n\t\tif (str0.compare("GL_POINTS") == 0) pMT->primitiveType = GL_POINTS;\n\t\telse if (str0.compare("GL_LINES") == 0) pMT->primitiveType = GL_LINES;\n\t\telse if (str0.compare("GL_LINE_STRIP") == 0) pMT->primitiveType = GL_LINE_STRIP;\n\t\telse if (str0.compare("GL_LINE_LOOP") == 0) pMT->primitiveType = GL_LINE_LOOP;\n\t\telse if (str0.compare("GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP") == 0) pMT->primitiveType = GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP;\n\t\telse if (str0.compare("GL_TRIANGLE_FAN") == 0) pMT->primitiveType = GL_TRIANGLE_FAN;\n\t\telse pMT->primitiveType = GL_TRIANGLES;\n\t}\n\tsetIntValue(&pMT->uTex1alphaChannelN, "uTex1alphaChannelN", tagStr);\n\tsetIntValue(&pMT->uTex0translateChannelN, "uTex0translateChannelN", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&pMT->uAlphaFactor, "uAlphaFactor", tagStr);\n\tif (pMT->uAlphaFactor < 1)\n\t\tpMT->uAlphaBlending = 1;\n\tsetIntBoolValue(&pMT->uAlphaBlending, "uAlphaBlending", tagStr);\n\tif (pMT->uAlphaBlending > 0)\n\t\tpMT->zBufferUpdate = 0;\n\tsetFloatValue(&pMT->uAmbient, "uAmbient", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&pMT->uSpecularIntencity, "uSpecularIntencity", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&pMT->uSpecularMinDot, "uSpecularMinDot", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&pMT->uSpecularPowerOf, "uSpecularPowerOf", tagStr);\n\n\tsetFloatValue(&pMT->lineWidth, "lineWidth", tagStr);\n\tsetIntBoolValue(&pMT->zBuffer, "zBuffer", tagStr);\n\tif (pMT->zBuffer < 1)\n\t\tpMT->zBufferUpdate = 0;\n\tsetIntBoolValue(&pMT->zBufferUpdate, "zBufferUpdate", tagStr);\n\n\treturn 1;\n}\nint ModelLoader::processTag(ModelLoader* pML) {\n\tModelBuilder* pMB = pML->pModelBuilder;\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("element") == 0)\n\t\treturn processTag_element(pML);\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("\/element") == 0) {\n\t\t\/\/restore previous useSubjN from stack\n\t\tint subjN = pMB->usingSubjsStack.back();\n\t\tpMB->usingSubjsStack.pop_back();\n\t\tpMB->useSubjN(pMB, subjN);\n\t\treturn 1;\n\t}\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("texture_as") == 0) {\n\t\t\/\/saves texture N in texturesMap under given name\n\t\tstd::string keyName = getStringValue("texture_as", pML->currentTag);\n\t\tif (pMB->texturesHashMap.find(keyName) != pMB->texturesHashMap.end())\n\t\t\treturn pMB->texturesHashMap[keyName];\n\t\telse { \/\/add new\n\t\t\tstd::string txFile = getStringValue("src", pML->currentTag);\n\t\t\tunsigned int intCkey = 0;\n\t\t\tsetUintColorValue(&intCkey, "ckey", pML->currentTag);\n\t\t\tint txN = Texture::loadTexture(buildFullPath(pML, txFile), intCkey);\n\t\t\tpMB->texturesHashMap[keyName] = txN;\n\t\t\t\/\/mylog("%s=%d\\n", keyName.c_str(), pMB->texturesMap[keyName]);\n\t\t\treturn txN;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("mt_type") == 0) {\n\t\t\/\/sets current material\n\t\tModelBuilder* pMB = pML->pModelBuilder;\n\t\tif (!pML->closedTag) {\n\t\t\t\/\/save previous material in stack\n\t\t\tif (pMB->usingMaterialN >= 0)\n\t\t\t\tpMB->materialsStack.push_back(pMB->usingMaterialN);\n\t\t}\n\t\tMaterial mt;\n\t\tfillProps_mt(&mt, pML->currentTag, pML);\n\t\tpMB->usingMaterialN = pMB->getMaterialN(pMB, &mt);\n\t\treturn 1;\n\t}\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("\/mt_type") == 0) {\n\t\t\/\/restore previous material\n\t\tif (pMB->materialsStack.size() > 0) {\n\t\t\tpMB->usingMaterialN = pMB->materialsStack.back();\n\t\t\tpMB->materialsStack.pop_back();\n\t\t}\n\t\treturn 1;\n\t}\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("vs") == 0) {\n\t\t\/\/sets virtual shape\n\t\tModelBuilder* pMB = pML->pModelBuilder;\n\t\tif (pML->closedTag) {\n\t\t\tif (pMB->pCurrentVShape != NULL)\n\t\t\t\tdelete pMB->pCurrentVShape;\n\t\t}\n\t\telse { \/\/open tag\n\t\t\t\/\/save previous vshape in stack\n\t\t\tif (pMB->pCurrentVShape != NULL)\n\t\t\t\tpMB->vShapesStack.push_back(pMB->pCurrentVShape);\n\t\t}\n\t\tpMB->pCurrentVShape = new VirtualShape();\n\t\tfillProps_vs(pMB->pCurrentVShape, pML->currentTag);\n\t\treturn 1;\n\t}\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("\/vs") == 0) {\n\t\t\/\/restore previous virtual shape\n\t\tif (pMB->vShapesStack.size() > 0) {\n\t\t\tif (pMB->pCurrentVShape != NULL)\n\t\t\t\tdelete(pMB->pCurrentVShape);\n\t\t\tpMB->pCurrentVShape = pMB->vShapesStack.back();\n\t\t\tpMB->vShapesStack.pop_back();\n\t\t}\n\t\treturn 1;\n\t}\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("group") == 0) {\n\t\tstd::string notAllowed[] = { "pxyz","axyz","align","headTo" };\n\t\tint notAllowedLn = sizeof(notAllowed) \/ sizeof(notAllowed[0]);\n\t\tfor (int i = 0; i < notAllowedLn; i++)\n\t\t\tif (varExists(notAllowed[i], pML->currentTag)) {\n\t\t\t\tmylog("ERROR in ModelLoader::processTag: use %s in <\/group>: %s\\n", notAllowed[i].c_str(), pML->currentTag.c_str());\n\t\t\t\treturn -1;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\tpMB->lockGroup(pMB);\n\t\t\/\/mark\n\t\tif (varExists("mark", pML->currentTag))\n\t\t\taddMark(pMB->pCurrentGroup->marks, getStringValue("mark", pML->currentTag));\n\t\treturn 1;\n\t}\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("\/group") == 0) {\n\t\tGroupTransform gt;\n\t\tfillProps_gt(&gt, pMB, pML->currentTag);\n\t\tgt.executeGroupTransform(pMB);\n\n\t\tpMB->releaseGroup(pMB);\n\t\treturn 1;\n\t}\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("a") == 0)\n\t\treturn processTag_a(pML); \/\/apply \n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("clone") == 0)\n\t\treturn processTag_clone(pML);\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("\/clone") == 0)\n\t\treturn processTag_clone(pML);\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("do") == 0)\n\t\treturn processTag_do(pML);\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("a2mesh") == 0)\n\t\treturn processTag_a2mesh(pML);\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("mt_adjust") == 0) {\n\t\tif (pML->pMaterialAdjust != NULL)\n\t\t\tmylog("ERROR in ModelLoader::processTag %s, pMaterialAdjust is still busy. File: %s\\n", pML->currentTag.c_str(), pML->fullPath.c_str());\n\t\tpML->pMaterialAdjust = new (MaterialAdjust);\n\t\tfillProps_mt(pML->pMaterialAdjust, pML->currentTag, pML);\n\t\tpML->pMaterialAdjust->setWhat2adjust(pML->pMaterialAdjust, pML->currentTag);\n\t\treturn 1;\n\t}\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("\/mt_adjust") == 0) {\n\t\tif (pML->pMaterialAdjust != NULL) {\n\t\t\tdelete pML->pMaterialAdjust;\n\t\t\tpML->pMaterialAdjust = NULL;\n\t\t}\n\t\treturn 1;\n\t}\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("line") == 0) {\n\t\tMaterial mt;\n\t\t\/\/save previous material in stack\n\t\tif (pMB->usingMaterialN >= 0){\n\t\t\tpMB->materialsStack.push_back(pMB->usingMaterialN);\n\t\t\tmemcpy(&mt, pMB->materialsList.at(pMB->usingMaterialN),sizeof(Material));\n\t\t}\n\t\tmt.primitiveType = GL_LINE_STRIP;\n\t\tfillProps_mt(&mt, pML->currentTag, pML);\n\t\tpMB->usingMaterialN = pMB->getMaterialN(pMB, &mt);\n\t\t\/\/line starts\n\t\tpML->lineStartsAt = pMB->vertices.size();\n\t\treturn 1;\n\t}\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("\/line") == 0) {\n\t\tpMB->vertices.back()->endOfSequence = 1;\n\t\tpML->lineStartsAt = -1;\n\t\t\/\/restore previous material\n\t\tif (pMB->materialsStack.size() > 0) {\n\t\t\tpMB->usingMaterialN = pMB->materialsStack.back();\n\t\t\tpMB->materialsStack.pop_back();\n\t\t}\n\t\treturn 1;\n\t}\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("p") == 0) {\n\t\t\/\/line point\n\t\tVertex01* pV = new Vertex01();\n\t\tif (pMB->vertices.size() > pML->lineStartsAt)\n\t\t\tmemcpy(pV, pMB->vertices.back(), sizeof(Vertex01));\n\t\tpV->subjN = pMB->usingSubjN;\n\t\tpV->materialN = pMB->usingMaterialN;\n\t\tsetFloatArray(pV->aPos, 3, "pxyz", pML->currentTag);\n\t\tsetFloatValue(&pV->aPos[0], "px", pML->currentTag);\n\t\tsetFloatValue(&pV->aPos[1], "py", pML->currentTag);\n\t\tsetFloatValue(&pV->aPos[2], "pz", pML->currentTag);\n\t\tfloat dPos[3] = { 0,0,0 };\n\t\tsetFloatArray(dPos, 3, "dxyz", pML->currentTag);\n\t\tsetFloatValue(&dPos[0], "dx", pML->currentTag);\n\t\tsetFloatValue(&dPos[1], "dy", pML->currentTag);\n\t\tsetFloatValue(&dPos[2], "dz", pML->currentTag);\n\t\tif (!v3equals(dPos, 0))\n\t\t\tfor (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)\n\t\t\t\tpV->aPos[i] += dPos[i];\n\t\tpMB->vertices.push_back(pV);\n\t\treturn 1;\n\t}\n\tmylog("ERROR in ModelLoader::processTag, unhandled tag %s, file %s\\n", pML->currentTag.c_str(), pML->fullPath.c_str());\n\t\/\/mylog("======File:\\n%s----------\\n", pML->pData);\n\treturn -1;\n}\n\nint ModelLoader::fillProps_vs(VirtualShape* pVS, std::string tagStr) {\n\t\/\/sets virtual shape\n\tsetCharsValue(pVS->shapeType, 20, "vs", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatArray(pVS->whl, 3, "whl", tagStr);\n\t\/\/extensions\n\tfloat ext;\n\tif (varExists("ext", tagStr)) {\n\t\tsetFloatValue(&ext, "ext", tagStr);\n\t\tpVS->setExt(ext);\n\t}\n\tif (varExists("extX", tagStr)) {\n\t\tsetFloatValue(&ext, "extX", tagStr);\n\t\tpVS->setExtX(ext);\n\t}\n\tif (varExists("extY", tagStr)) {\n\t\tsetFloatValue(&ext, "extY", tagStr);\n\t\tpVS->setExtY(ext);\n\t}\n\tif (varExists("extZ", tagStr)) {\n\t\tsetFloatValue(&ext, "extZ", tagStr);\n\t\tpVS->setExtZ(ext);\n\t}\n\tsetFloatValue(&pVS->extU, "extU", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&pVS->extD, "extD", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&pVS->extL, "extL", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&pVS->extR, "extR", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&pVS->extF, "extF", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&pVS->extB, "extB", tagStr);\n\t\/\/sections\n\tsetIntValue(&pVS->sectionsR, "sectR", tagStr);\n\tsetIntValue(&pVS->sections[0], "sectX", tagStr);\n\tsetIntValue(&pVS->sections[1], "sectY", tagStr);\n\tsetIntValue(&pVS->sections[2], "sectZ", tagStr);\n\n\t\/\/mylog("pVS->shapeType=%s whl=%fx%fx%f\\n", pVS->shapeType, pVS->whl[0], pVS->whl[1], pVS->whl[2]);\n\treturn 1;\n}\nint ModelLoader::processTag_a(ModelLoader* pML) {\n\t\/\/apply\n\tModelBuilder* pMB = pML->pModelBuilder;\n\tstd::string tagStr = pML->currentTag;\n\tpMB->lockGroup(pMB);\n\t\/\/mark\n\tif (varExists("mark", tagStr))\n\t\taddMark(pMB->pCurrentGroup->marks, getStringValue("mark", tagStr));\n\n\tstd::vector<std::string> applyTosVector = splitString(pML->getStringValue("a", tagStr), ",");\n\tMaterial* pMT = pMB->materialsList.at(pMB->usingMaterialN);\n\tint texN = pMT->uTex1mask;\n\tif (texN < 0)\n\t\ttexN = pMT->uTex0;\n\tfloat xywh[4] = { 0,0,1,1 };\n\tTexCoords* pTC = NULL;\n\tif (varExists("xywh", tagStr)) {\n\t\tsetFloatArray(xywh, 4, "xywh", tagStr);\n\t\tstd::string flipStr = getStringValue("flip", tagStr);\n\t\tTexCoords tc;\n\t\ttc.set(texN, xywh[0], xywh[1], xywh[2], xywh[3], flipStr);\n\t\tpTC = &tc;\n\t}\n\tTexCoords* pTC2nm = NULL;\n\tif (varExists("xywh2nm", tagStr)) {\n\t\tsetFloatArray(xywh, 4, "xywh2nm", tagStr);\n\t\tstd::string flipStr = getStringValue("flip2nm", tagStr);\n\t\tTexCoords tc2nm;\n\t\ttc2nm.set(pMT->uTex2nm, xywh[0], xywh[1], xywh[2], xywh[3], flipStr);\n\t\tpTC2nm = &tc2nm;\n\t}\n\t\/\/adjusted VirtualShape\n\tVirtualShape* pVS_a = new VirtualShape(*pMB->pCurrentVShape);\n\tfillProps_vs(pVS_a, tagStr);\n\n\tfor (int aN = 0; aN < (int)applyTosVector.size(); aN++) {\n\t\tpMB->buildFace(pMB, applyTosVector.at(aN), pVS_a, pTC, pTC2nm);\n\t}\n\tdelete pVS_a;\n\t\/\/mylog("vertsN=%d\\n",pMB->vertices.size());\n\n\tGroupTransform GT_a;\n\tfillProps_gt(&GT_a, pMB, tagStr);\n\tGT_a.executeGroupTransform(pMB);\n\n\tpMB->releaseGroup(pMB);\n\treturn 1;\n}\nint ModelLoader::processTag_clone(ModelLoader* pML) {\n\tModelBuilder* pMB = pML->pModelBuilder;\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("clone") == 0) {\n\t\t\/\/mark what to clone\n\t\tGroupTransform gt;\n\t\tgt.pGroup = pMB->pLastClosedGroup;\n\t\tgt.flagSelection(&gt, &pMB->vertices, &pMB->triangles);\n\n\t\t\/\/cloning\n\t\tpMB->lockGroup(pMB);\n\t\tgt.cloneFlagged(pMB, &pMB->vertices, &pMB->triangles, &pMB->vertices, &pMB->triangles);\n\t}\n\tGroupTransform gt;\n\tfillProps_gt(&gt, pMB, pML->currentTag);\n\tgt.executeGroupTransform(pMB);\n\n\tif (pML->tagName.compare("\/clone") == 0 || pML->closedTag) {\n\t\tpMB->releaseGroup(pMB);\n\t}\n\treturn 1;\n}\nint ModelLoader::addMark(char* marks, std::string newMark) {\n\tif (newMark.empty())\n\t\treturn 0;\n\tstd::string allMarks;\n\tallMarks.assign(marks);\n\tallMarks.append("<" + newMark + ">");\n\tmyStrcpy_s(marks, 124, allMarks.c_str());\n\treturn 1;\n}\nint ModelLoader::fillProps_gt(GroupTransform* pGT, ModelBuilder* pMB, std::string tagStr) {\n\tpGT->pGroup = pMB->pCurrentGroup;\n\t\/\/position\n\tsetFloatArray(pGT->shift, 3, "pxyz", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&pGT->shift[0], "px", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&pGT->shift[1], "py", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&pGT->shift[2], "pz", tagStr);\n\t\/\/angles\n\tsetFloatArray(pGT->spin, 3, "axyz", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&pGT->spin[0], "ax", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&pGT->spin[1], "ay", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&pGT->spin[2], "az", tagStr);\n\t\/\/scale\n\tsetFloatArray(pGT->scale, 3, "scale", tagStr);\n\n\tpGT->onThe = getStringValue("onThe", tagStr);\n\tpGT->allign = getStringValue("allign", tagStr);\n\tpGT->headZto = getStringValue("headZto", tagStr);\n\t\/\/limit to\n\tif (varExists("all", tagStr))\n\t\tpGT->pGroup = NULL;\n\tif (varExists("lastClosedGroup", tagStr))\n\t\tpGT->pGroup = pMB->pLastClosedGroup;\n\tif (varExists("markedAs", tagStr))\n\t\tpGT->limit2mark(pGT, getStringValue("markedAs", tagStr));\n\tsetFloatArray(pGT->pMin, 3, "xyzMin", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatArray(pGT->pMax, 3, "xyzMax", tagStr);\n\n\tif (varExists("sizeD", tagStr)) { \/\/re-size\n\t\tfloat sizeD[3];\n\t\tsetFloatArray(sizeD, 3, "sizeD", tagStr);\n\t\t\/\/bounding box\n\t\tpGT->flagSelection(pGT, &pMB->vertices, NULL);\n\t\tfloat bbMin[3];\n\t\tfloat bbMax[3];\n\t\tpGT->buildBoundingBoxFlagged(bbMin, bbMax, &pMB->vertices);\n\t\tfor (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {\n\t\t\tfloat size = bbMax[i] - bbMin[i];\n\t\t\tpGT->scale[i] = (size + sizeD[i]) \/ size;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\treturn 1;\n}\nint ModelLoader::processTag_do(ModelLoader* pML) {\n\tModelBuilder* pMB = pML->pModelBuilder;\n\tGroupTransform gt;\n\tfillProps_gt(&gt, pMB, pML->currentTag);\n\tgt.flagSelection(&gt, &pMB->vertices, &pMB->triangles);\n\tgt.transformFlagged(&gt, &pMB->vertices);\n\treturn 1;\n}\nint ModelLoader::processTag_a2mesh(ModelLoader* pML) {\n\tModelBuilder* pMB = pML->pModelBuilder;\n\tstd::string tagStr = pML->currentTag;\n\tGroupTransform gt;\n\tfillProps_gt(&gt, pMB, pML->currentTag);\n\tgt.flagSelection(&gt, &pMB->vertices, &pMB->triangles);\n\t\/\/clone a copy\n\tstd::vector<Vertex01*> vx1;\n\tstd::vector<Triangle01*> tr1;\n\tgt.cloneFlagged(NULL, &vx1, &tr1, &pMB->vertices, &pMB->triangles);\n\t\/\/ build transform and inverted martrices\n\tmat4x4 transformMatrix;\n\tgt.buildTransformMatrix(&gt, &transformMatrix);\n\tmat4x4 transformMatrixInverted;\n\tmat4x4_invert(transformMatrixInverted, transformMatrix);\n\t\/\/move\/rotate cloned\n\tgt.flagAll(&vx1, &tr1);\n\t\/\/gt.transformFlagged(&pMB->vertices, &transformMatrixInverted);\n\tgt.transformFlaggedMx(&vx1, &transformMatrixInverted);\n\n\t\/\/gt.cloneFlagged(pMB, &pMB->vertices, &pMB->triangles, &vx1, &tr1);\n\n\tfloat wh[2];\n\tsetFloatArray(wh, 2, "wh", tagStr);\n\tPolygon frame;\n\tframe.setRectangle(&frame, wh[0], wh[1]);\n\t\/\/destination arrays\n\tstd::vector<Vertex01*> vx2;\n\tstd::vector<Triangle01*> tr2;\n\tPolygon triangle;\n\tfor (int i = tr1.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\n\t\ttriangle.setTriangle(&triangle, tr1.at(i), &vx1);\n\t\tPolygon intersection;\n\t\tint pointsN = Polygon::xyIntersection(&intersection, &frame, &triangle);\n\t\tif (pointsN > 2) {\n\t\t\tPolygon::buildTriangles(&intersection);\n\t\t\tGroupTransform::flagAll(&intersection.vertices, &intersection.triangles);\n\t\t\tGroupTransform::cloneFlagged(NULL, &vx2, &tr2, &intersection.vertices, &intersection.triangles);\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\tgt.flagAll(&vx2, &tr2);\n\t\/\/at this point we have cutted fragment facing us\n\tint vxTotal = vx2.size();\n\tint trTotal = tr2.size();\n\t\/\/apply adjusted material ?\n\tif (pML->pMaterialAdjust != NULL) {\n\t\t\/\/scan vertices to find new (unupdated) material\n\t\tint materialNsrc = -1; \/\/which N to replace\n\t\tint materialNdst = -1; \/\/replace by N \n\t\tfor (int vN = 0; vN < vxTotal; vN++) {\n\t\t\tVertex01* pV = vx2.at(vN);\n\t\t\tif (pV->flag < 0)\n\t\t\t\tcontinue;\n\t\t\tif (materialNsrc == pV->materialN)\n\t\t\t\tcontinue;\n\t\t\t\/\/have new material\n\t\t\tmaterialNsrc = pV->materialN;\n\t\t\tMaterial mt;\n\t\t\tMaterial* pMt0 = pMB->materialsList.at(materialNsrc);\n\t\t\tmemcpy(&mt, pMt0, sizeof(Material));\n\t\t\t\/\/modify material\n\t\t\tMaterialAdjust::adjust(&mt, pML->pMaterialAdjust);\n\t\t\tmaterialNdst = pMB->getMaterialN(pMB, &mt);\n\t\t\tif (materialNsrc != materialNdst) {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/replace mtN in vx and tr arrays\n\t\t\t\tfor (int vN2 = vN; vN2 < vxTotal; vN2++) {\n\t\t\t\t\tVertex01* pV2 = vx2.at(vN2);\n\t\t\t\t\tif (pV2->flag < 0)\n\t\t\t\t\t\tcontinue;\n\t\t\t\t\tif (materialNsrc == pV2->materialN)\n\t\t\t\t\t\tpV2->materialN = materialNdst;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\tfor (int tN2 = 0; tN2 < trTotal; tN2++) {\n\t\t\t\t\tTriangle01* pT2 = tr2.at(tN2);\n\t\t\t\t\tif (pT2->flag < 0)\n\t\t\t\t\t\tcontinue;\n\t\t\t\t\tif (materialNsrc == pT2->materialN)\n\t\t\t\t\t\tpT2->materialN = materialNdst;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\tmaterialNsrc = materialNdst;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\telse { \/\/ pML->pMaterialAdjust == NULL, use pMB->usingMaterialN\n\t\tfor (int vN2 = 0; vN2 < vxTotal; vN2++) {\n\t\t\tVertex01* pV2 = vx2.at(vN2);\n\t\t\tif (pV2->flag < 0)\n\t\t\t\tcontinue;\n\t\t\tpV2->materialN = pMB->usingMaterialN;\n\t\t}\n\t\tfor (int tN2 = 0; tN2 < trTotal; tN2++) {\n\t\t\tTriangle01* pT2 = tr2.at(tN2);\n\t\t\tif (pT2->flag < 0)\n\t\t\t\tcontinue;\n\t\t\tpT2->materialN = pMB->usingMaterialN;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\t\/\/apply xywh\/2nm ?\n\tif (varExists("xywh", tagStr) || varExists("xywh2nm", tagStr)) {\n\t\tMaterial* pMT = pMB->materialsList.at(vx2.at(0)->materialN);\n\t\tfloat xywh[4] = { 0,0,1,1 };\n\t\tTexCoords* pTC = NULL;\n\t\tif (varExists("xywh", tagStr)) {\n\t\t\tsetFloatArray(xywh, 4, "xywh", tagStr);\n\t\t\tstd::string flipStr = getStringValue("flip", tagStr);\n\t\t\tint texN = pMT->uTex1mask;\n\t\t\tif (texN < 0)\n\t\t\t\ttexN = pMT->uTex0;\n\t\t\tTexCoords tc;\n\t\t\ttc.set(texN, xywh[0], xywh[1], xywh[2], xywh[3], flipStr);\n\t\t\tpTC = &tc;\n\t\t}\n\t\tTexCoords* pTC2nm = NULL;\n\t\tif (varExists("xywh2nm", tagStr)) {\n\t\t\tsetFloatArray(xywh, 4, "xywh2nm", tagStr);\n\t\t\tstd::string flipStr = getStringValue("flip2nm", tagStr);\n\t\t\tTexCoords tc2nm;\n\t\t\ttc2nm.set(pMT->uTex2nm, xywh[0], xywh[1], xywh[2], xywh[3], flipStr);\n\t\t\tpTC2nm = &tc2nm;\n\t\t}\n\t\tpMB->applyTexture2flagged(&vx2, "front", pTC, false);\n\t\tpMB->applyTexture2flagged(&vx2, "front", pTC2nm, true);\n\t}\n\n\tfloat detachBy =0;\n\tsetFloatValue(&detachBy, "detachBy", tagStr);\n\tif (detachBy != 0) {\n\t\tmat4x4 mx;\n\t\tmat4x4_translate(mx, 0, 0, detachBy);\n\t\tgt.transformFlaggedMx(&vx2, &mx);\n\t}\n\t\/\/move\/rotate back\n\tgt.transformFlaggedMx(&vx2, &transformMatrix);\n\t\/\/clone back to modelBuilder arrays\n\tgt.cloneFlagged(pMB, &pMB->vertices, &pMB->triangles, &vx2, &tr2);\n\n\t\/\/clear memory\n\tfor (int i = vx1.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--)\n\t\tdelete vx1.at(i);\n\tvx1.clear();\n\tfor (int i = tr1.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--)\n\t\tdelete tr1.at(i);\n\ttr1.clear();\n\tfor (int i = vx2.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--)\n\t\tdelete vx2.at(i);\n\tvx2.clear();\n\tfor (int i = tr2.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--)\n\t\tdelete tr2.at(i);\n\ttr2.clear();\n\n\treturn 1;\n}\nint ModelLoader::processTag_element(ModelLoader* pML) {\n\tModelBuilder* pMB = pML->pModelBuilder;\n\tstd::string tagStr = pML->currentTag;\n\tstd::string sourceFile = getStringValue("element", tagStr);\n\tstd::string subjClass = getStringValue("class", tagStr);\n\tstd::vector<GameSubj*>* pSubjsVector0 = pML->pSubjsVector;\n\tint subjN = -1;\n\tif (!sourceFile.empty()) {\n\t\tsourceFile = buildFullPath(pML, sourceFile);\n\t\tsubjN = loadModel(pSubjsVector0, sourceFile, subjClass);\n\t}\n\telse { \/\/sourceFile not specified\n\t\tsubjN = pML->pSubjsVector->size();\n\t\tGameSubj* pGS = theGame.newGameSubj(subjClass);\n\t\tpGS->pSubjsSet = pSubjsVector0;\n\t\tpGS->nInSubjsSet = subjN;\n\t\tpML->pSubjsVector->push_back(pGS);\n\t\tpGS->totalNativeElements = 1;\n\t\tpGS->totalElements = 1;\n\t\tif (!pML->closedTag) { \/\/DrawJobs will follow\n\t\t\tpMB->usingSubjsStack.push_back(pMB->usingSubjN);\n\t\t\tpMB->useSubjN(pMB, subjN);\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\t\/\/keep reading tag\n\tGameSubj* pGS = pSubjsVector0->at(subjN);\n\tint rootN = pMB->subjNumbersList.at(0);\n\tstd::string attachTo = getStringValue("attachTo", tagStr);\n\tif (attachTo.empty()) \/\/attach to root\n\t\tpGS->d2parent = subjN - rootN;\n\telse {\n\t\t\/\/find parent by name\n\t\tfor (int sN = subjN - 1; sN >= rootN; sN--) {\n\t\t\tif (strcmp(pSubjsVector0->at(sN)->name, attachTo.c_str()) == 0) {\n\t\t\t\tpGS->d2parent = subjN - sN;\n\t\t\t\tbreak;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\tstd::string headTo = getStringValue("headTo", tagStr);\n\tif (!headTo.empty()) { \/\/find headTo by name\n\t\tfor (int sN = subjN - 1; sN >= rootN; sN--) {\n\t\t\tif (strcmp(pSubjsVector0->at(sN)->name, headTo.c_str()) == 0) {\n\t\t\t\tpGS->d2headTo = subjN - sN;\n\t\t\t\tbreak;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\tfloat xyz[3]={0,0,0};\n\t\/\/position\n\tsetFloatArray(xyz, 3, "pxyz", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&xyz[0], "px", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&xyz[1], "py", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&xyz[2], "pz", tagStr);\n\tv3copy(pGS->ownCoords.pos, xyz);\n\t\/\/angles\n\tv3set(xyz, 0,0,0);\n\tsetFloatArray(xyz, 3, "axyz", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&xyz[0], "ax", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&xyz[1], "ay", tagStr);\n\tsetFloatValue(&xyz[2], "az", tagStr);\n\tv3set(pGS->ownCoords.eulerDg, xyz[0], xyz[1], xyz[2]);\n\treturn 1;\n}\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
            <\/p>\n\n\n\n
            Please note:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            • When creating GameSubj<\/em>, we assigning pGS->pSubjsSet = pSubjsVector0;<\/em><\/li>
            • In ModelLoader::loadModel(): if such model was already loaded, we are making a copy, reusing it’s DrawJobs.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              \n\n\n\n
              For handling loading multiple models in ModelBuilder <\/em>we have new vector\/stack std::vector usingSubjsStack;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
              17. Replace ModelBuilder1base.h<\/em> by:<\/p>\n\n\n
              \n#pragma once\n#include <string>\n#include <vector>\n#include "Vertex01.h"\n#include "Triangle01.h"\n#include "VirtualShape.h"\n#include "Group01.h"\n#include "Material.h"\n#include "GameSubj.h"\n#include <map>\n\nclass ModelBuilder1base\n{\npublic:\n\tstd::vector<Vertex01*> vertices;\n\tstd::vector<Triangle01*> triangles;\n\tstd::vector<int> subjNumbersList;\n\tint usingSubjN = -1;\n\tstd::vector<int> usingSubjsStack;\n\n\tstd::vector<Group01*> groupsStack;\n\tGroup01* pCurrentGroup = NULL;\n\tGroup01* pLastClosedGroup = NULL;\n\t\n\tstd::vector<VirtualShape*> vShapesStack;\n\tVirtualShape* pCurrentVShape = NULL;\n\n\tstd::vector<Material*> materialsList;\n\tint usingMaterialN = -1;\n\tstd::vector<int> materialsStack;\n\n\tstd::map<std::string, int> texturesHashMap;\npublic:\n\tvirtual ~ModelBuilder1base();\n\tstatic int useSubjN(ModelBuilder1base* pMB, int subjN);\n\tstatic int getMaterialN(ModelBuilder1base* pMB, Material* pMT);\n\tstatic void lockGroup(ModelBuilder1base* pMB);\n\tstatic void releaseGroup(ModelBuilder1base* pMB);\n\tstatic int addVertex(ModelBuilder1base* pMB, float kx, float ky, float kz, float nx, float ny, float nz);\n\tstatic int add2triangles(ModelBuilder1base* pMB, int nNW, int nNE, int nSW, int nSE, int n);\n\tstatic int addTriangle(ModelBuilder1base* pMB, int n0, int n1, int n2);\n\tstatic int buildDrawJobs(ModelBuilder1base* pMB, std::vector<GameSubj*>* pGameSubjs);\n\tstatic int rearrangeArraysForDrawJob(std::vector<Vertex01*>* pAllVertices, std::vector<Vertex01*>* pUseVertices, std::vector<Triangle01*>* pUseTriangles);\n\tstatic int buildSingleDrawJob(Material* pMT, std::vector<Vertex01*>* pVertices, std::vector<Triangle01*>* pTriangles);\n\tstatic int moveGroupDg(ModelBuilder1base* pMB, float aX, float aY, float aZ, float kX, float kY, float kZ);\n\tstatic int calculateTangentSpace(std::vector<Vertex01*>* pUseVertices, std::vector<Triangle01*>* pUseTriangles);\n\tstatic int finalizeLine(std::vector<Vertex01*>* pVerts, int lineStartsAt = 0, int lineEndsAt = 0);\n\tstatic int optimizeMesh(std::vector<Vertex01*>* pVertices, std::vector<Triangle01*>* pTriangles);\n};\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n
              <\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \n\n\n\n
              18. Build and run. Result:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              <\/p>\n\n\n\n
              <\/p>\n\n\n\n